There are many other forms of hopscotch played across the globe. Variations A variation in the entrance of CEFET-MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil ![]() The journal of the British Archaeological Association, volume 26 (dated March 9, 1870) states: "The sport of Hop-Scotch or Scotch-Hoppers is called in Yorkshire 'Hop-Score', and in Suffolk 'Scotch Hobbies or Hobby', from the boy who gets on the player's back whilst hopping or 'hicking', as it is there termed and in Scotland it is known as 'Peevers, Peeverels, and Pabats'". 'a play in which boys hop over scotches and lines in the ground.' Etymology Īccording to the Oxford English Dictionary, the etymology of hopscotch is a formation from the words "hop" and "scotch", the latter in the sense of "an incised line or scratch". The entry states, "The time when schoolboys should play at Scotch-hoppers." The 1707 edition of Poor Robin's Almanack includes the following phrase… "Lawyers and Physicians have little to do this month, so they may (if they will) play at Scotch-hoppers." In 1828, Webster's American Dictionary of the English Language also referred to the game as 'Scotch-hopper'. In Poor Robin's Almanack for 1677, the game is referred to as "Scotch-hoppers". They play with a piece of tile or a little flat piece of lead, upon a boarded floor, or any area divided into oblong figures like boards'. A manuscript Book of Games compiled between 16 by Francis Willughby refers to 'Scotch Hopper‥. It is attested that an ancient form of hopscotch was played by Roman children and soldiers, but the first recorded references to the game in the English-speaking world date to the late seventeenth century, usually under the name "scotch-hop" or "scotch-hopper(s)". Hopscotch is attested c.1200 to 600–500 BCE from the Painted Grey ware era of prehistoric India, it is also listed among the games prohibited by Buddha. Origin A hopscotch game with a traditional magpie rhyme in Morecambe, England The first player to complete one course for every numbered square on the court wins the game.Īlthough the marker is most often picked up during the game, historically, in the boy's game, the marker was kicked sequentially back through the course on the return trip and then kicked out. Players begin their turns where they last left off. If, while hopping through the court in either direction, the player steps on a line, misses a square, or loses balance, the turn ends. Upon successfully completing the sequence, the player continues the turn by tossing the marker into square number two, and repeating the pattern. The player stops in the square before the marker and reaches down to retrieve the marker and continue the course as stated, without touching a line or stepping into a square with another player's marker. After hopping into "Safe", "Home", or "Rest", the player must then turn around and retrace their steps through the course on one or two legs, depending on the square, until reaching the marker's square. Optional squares marked "Safe", "Home", or "Rest" are neutral squares, and may be hopped through in any manner without penalty. ![]() Side-by-side squares are straddled, with the left foot landing in the left square, and the right foot landing in the right square. Single squares must be hopped on one foot, except for the first single square, where either foot may be used. The player then hops through the course, skipping the marker's square. The marker must be thrown in sequential numerical order completely within the square without touching the line. ![]() ) In the United States the marker was called a “lagger” and in the 1940s Hopscotch Laggers made of rubber were sold by the Hoppy Taw Company of Utah. (In Scotland and Ireland, the marker is usually replaced with an old shoe polish tin or flat stone, called a piggy. The marker (typically a small stone, coin, bean bag, or small chain with a charm) should land in the square without bouncing, sliding, or rolling out. The first player tosses a marker onto the court. The squares are then numbered in the sequence in which they are to be hopped. The home base may be a square, a rectangle, or a semicircle. Traditionally the court ends with a "safe" or "home" base in which the player may turn before completing the reverse trip. Designs vary, but the court is usually composed of a series of linear squares interspersed with blocks of two lateral squares. Courts may be permanently marked where playgrounds are commonly paved, as in elementary schools. Depending on the available surface, the court is either scratched out in the dirt or drawn with chalk on pavement. To play hopscotch, a court is first laid out on the ground.
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